Abordagens metodológicas para enfrentar o desperdício de alimentos: Avançando a agenda
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-759020210509Resumo
A Covid-19 perturbou as cadeias de abastecimento de alimentos em todo o mundo. Os problemas existentes, como a insegurança alimentar e nutricional, aumentaram exponencialmente. Tornou-se imperativo mudar para um sistema alimentar mais sustentável e equitativo. Nesse sentido, o desafio de pesquisar sobre perdas e desperdícios de alimentos (PDA) e propor soluções mobiliza abordagens e processos transdisciplinares com o objetivo de transformar as cadeias de abastecimento de alimentos de modo eficaz. Compreender a quantidade de alimentos que produzimos e consumimos não é uma tarefa fácil. Tantos contextos geográficos, culturais e sociais e tantos níveis de desenvolvimento econômico e de urbanização diferentes resultam em limitações quantitativas e qualitativas. Segundo Corrado et al. (2019), a contabilização do desperdício de alimentos é um elemento central na elaboração de uma política de PDA e nas intervenções propostas. A metodologia adotada para contabilizar o desperdício é fundamental para monitorar o progresso no sentido de reduzir as metas. Não existe a melhor maneira de enfrentar as perdas e o desperdício de alimentos, mas há muitas tentativas relevantes e rigorosas utilizando métodos diferentes. Algumas delas são discutidas neste artigo, que sugere uma agenda metodológica para pesquisadores da área de gestão de empresas interessados nesse desafio.
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