O impacto da experiência de marca em brand equity baseado no consumidor e a personalidade da marca como variável mediadora
Abstract
Considerando a possibilidade de construir marcas mais valiosas por meio do branding experiencial, este trabalho aborda a “Experiência de marca”, contextualizada como respostas sensoriais, afetivas, cognitivas, sociais e comportamentais dos consumidores aos estímulos de marketing. Procura-se entender qual o impacto direto da experiência de marca em brand equity baseado no consumidor, utilizando-se cada um de seus componentes: lealdade, qualidade percebida, consciência de marca e associações de valor. Além disto, procura-se entender o impacto indireto entre estes constructos, quando a personalidade da marca é utilizada como variável mediadora. Para tanto foi feita a mensuração da Experiência de marca, Personalidade de marca e Equity de marca baseada no consumidor, utilizando-se escalas validadas que foram desenvolvidas com base teórica, com posterior análise das relações destas variáveis latentes, por meio de modelagem de equações estruturais. Realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa em painel online com 395 pessoas de ambos os sexos, de 18 anos ou mais, de todas as classes sociais, moradoras das cinco regiões brasileiras que compraram e consumiram creme dental e refrigerante nos últimos 3 meses e que conheciam as marcas Colgate e Coca-Cola, mesmo que “só de ouvir falar”. O questionário aplicado continha a avaliação destas duas marcas nas escalas dos três constructos em questão: Experiência de marca, Personalidade de marca e Equity de marca. Com base nesta pesquisa, verificou-se que Experiência de marca impacta diretamente o Brand Equity Baseado no Consumidor e que há mediação parcial de Personalidade de marca na relação entre Experiência de marca e Equity de marca. Assim, verifica-se que por meio de ações de marketing experienciais, a personalidade da marca se torna mais marcante no olhar dos consumidores e o Brand Equity é fortalecido. Considering the possibility of building valuable brands through experiential branding, this academic work approaches “Brand Experience” contextualized as sensory, affective, intellectual, social and behavioral consumers’ answers to marketing stimuli. It seeks the understanding of the direct impact of Brand Experience at Consumer Based Brand Equity, using each of its components: loyalty, perceived quality, brand awareness and value associations. Besides, it seeks the understanding of indirect impact between these constructs, when Brand Personality plays the role of mediator variable. To this end, the constructs Brand experience, Brand personality and Consumer Based Brand Equity were measured using validated scales that were developed on a theoretical basis and further analysis of the relationships of these latent variables, performing structural equation modeling. A quantitative online panel survey was conducted with 395 people of both genders, aged 18 or over, from all social economic levels, residents in the five Brazilian regions, who bought and consumed toothpaste and soda in the last 3 months and were aware of Colgate and Coca-Cola brands, even if “just hearing about it”. The applied questionnaire contained the evaluation of these two brands on the scales of the three studied constructs: Brand Experience, Brand Personality and Brand Equity. Through this research, it was found that brand experience directly impacts consumer-based brand equity and that there is partial mediation of Brand Personality in the relationship between Brand Experience and Brand Equity. Thus, it appears that through the experiential marketing actions, brand personality becomes more remarkable in the eyes of consumers and brand equity is strengthened.
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