In the late 70s and early 80s, social movements expanded throughout Brazil. At the same time in the South Zone of Rio de Janeiro, a phenomenon that I call ‘Resumption of street Carioca Carnival’ takes place. New moods lead to the free expression and citizenship, by means of reoccupation of the streets by civil society. 'Simpatia é Quase Amor' (Sympathy is almost love), Barbas (Beards), and 'Suvaco do Cristo' (Christ’s Armpit) are the first street Carnival groups created in this context of re-democratization of Brazil, after twenty years of a military dictatorship implanted in 1964. Those three Carnival groups, with similar characteristics, and others groups that arise following the same scenario lead to the definition of a continuum and growing social movement during the studied period. At the same time, there is also an effort aiming to the improvement of Samba, a musical rhythm neglected by media and records, and that will be revitalized by the same agents, who organizes samba rounds in bars at South and Central Areas. The first Resumption street Carnival groups arise from this convergent activists, musicians, intellectuals, and artists. The aim of this work is to improve the knowledge about this social movement called ‘Resumption of street Carnival’ as part of the history of the Rio de Janeiro.